Event Related Potentials for Brainmaster Atlantis and Discovery IFEN ERP Set

The photosensor from IFEN uses a unique technology in the context of Event-Related Potentials (ERPs). Due to it's extraordinary setup, this photosensor is used to precisely measure the timing of visual, auditory  and tactile stimuli. ERPs are a type of brain response that is directly the result of a specific sensory, cognitive, or motor event. They are measured using electroencephalography (EEG), which records electrical activity along the scalp. ERPs are extremely useful in neuroscience for studying cognitive processes, sensory perception, and neural responses to stimuli.

In ERP experiments, it is crucial to know the exact moment a stimulus is presented to the participant to accurately align the brain's electrical response with the event. This timing precision is essential for analyzing the data, as the brain's responses can occur within milliseconds after a stimulus is presented.

Photosensors, also known as photodetectors or light sensors, come into play here. They can detect when a change in light occurs on a computer screen or in the environment and then send a signal to mark the exact time this change happened. This signal is used to synchronize the EEG data with the stimulus event, allowing researchers to pinpoint the timing of the brain's response to the visual stimulus with high precision.

Here's how the process typically works in an ERP study using photosensors:

1. Stimulus Presentation A visual stimulus is displayed on a computer screen as part of the experiment.

2. Detection by Photosensor A photosensor placed on the screen detects the change in light when the stimulus is displayed.

3. Timestamp Generation The moment the photosensor detects the stimulus, it generates a timestamp or a trigger signal.

4. Data Synchronization This timestamp or signal is used to synchronize the EEG data with the event, marking the precise moment the stimulus was presented to the participant.

5. ERP Analysis: Researchers and practicioners can then analyze the EEG data in relation to the exact timing of the stimulus presentation, identifying specific ERP components (e.g., P300, N400) that are linked to cognitive processes such as attention, memory, or language comprehension.

This setup enhances the accuracy of ERP measurements by ensuring that the analysis of neural responses is correctly aligned with the stimulus presentation times. Precise timing is crucial for interpreting ERPs, as the latency (timing) and amplitude (strength) of these responses can provide insights into the neural mechanisms underlying perception, cognition, and action.

The IFEN trigger box with push buttons is a specialized device designed to facilitate the synchronization of external stimuli with EEG recordings in neuroscience research, particularly in the context of Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) studies. This device is an integral component of experimental setups where precise timing between the presentation of stimuli and the recording of brain responses is crucial. It leverages the information from a photosensor and integrates pushbuttons to streamline its operation, enhancing both accuracy and ease of use.

Here's a breakdown of how the IFEN trigger box functions within an ERP experimental setup:

Integration with Photosensor

• Photosensor Input: The IFEN trigger box receives input from a photosensor, which detects changes in light intensity corresponding to the presentation of visual stimuli. For example, when a stimulus appears on a computer screen, the photosensor detects this change and sends a signal to the trigger box.

Signal Processing and Synchronization

• Signal Conversion: Upon receiving the signal from the photosensor, the IFEN trigger box processes this information and converts it into a standardized trigger signal. This signal serves as an accurate timestamp for the exact moment the stimulus was presented.

• EEG Amplifier Communication: The trigger signal is then sent to the EEG amplifier. EEG amplifiers are sophisticated devices that amplify the brain's electrical activity captured by electrodes placed on the scalp. The trigger signal from the IFEN box is used to mark the EEG data stream, allowing researchers to synchronize the brain's electrical responses (ERPs) with the exact moment of stimulus presentation.

Integrated Pushbuttons

• Ease of Use: The integrated pushbuttons on the IFEN trigger box provide a user-friendly interface for researchers to control the experiment. These buttons can be used to start or stop the recording, mark specific events, or navigate through the experimental protocol without the need for direct interaction with the computer or software. This feature makes the handling of experiments more efficient and reduces the likelihood of errors.

• Customization and Control: The pushbuttons also allow for customization of the experimental setup, enabling researchers to easily implement different conditions or sequences in their study. This flexibility is key in complex experimental designs where different stimuli types or tasks are involved.

Application in ERP Studies

In ERP studies, the precise timing of stimulus presentation and the accurate synchronization with EEG data are fundamental for the correct interpretation of neural responses. The IFEN trigger box with push buttons streamlines this process by ensuring that each visual stimulus is accurately timed and recorded in relation to the EEG data. This precise synchronization allows researchers to analyze how the brain responds to specific stimuli at millisecond resolution, providing insights into cognitive processes, sensory perception, and neural mechanisms.

The IFEN trigger box with push buttons is a critical tool in neuroscience research, enhancing the reliability and efficiency of experiments involving the synchronization of external stimuli with EEG recordings.

CAPITO by IFEN: Revolutionizing Clinical and Research Insights into Brain Function

Overview CAPITO, developed by IFEN, is a premier stimulus presentation software tailored for both research and clinical applications. Designed with precision and user-friendliness in mind, CAPITO offers an unparalleled solution for presenting a wide variety of stimuli, including sounds, pictures, words, letters, videos, and even tactile stimuli. This versatile tool is essential for professionals seeking to delve into cognitive and sensory processes, enabling detailed assessments and interventions without the need for extensive programming knowledge.

Key Features

• User-Friendly Interface: Navigate through CAPITO's intuitive platform with ease, ensuring swift setup and execution of complex experimental and clinical protocols.
• Pre-Prepared and Customizable Protocols: Benefit from a vast array of ready-to-use protocols or effortlessly tailor your own to meet the specific needs of your research or clinical practice.
• Diverse Stimuli Presentation: Engage clients with a broad spectrum of stimuli types, from auditory and visual to tactile, facilitated by our innovative stimulus converter device.
• Seamless Hardware Integration: Achieve precise synchronization between stimuli presentation and physiological recordings, thanks to CAPITO's flawless compatibility with Brainmaster EEG systems
• Designed for Clinicians and Researchers: Whether you're conducting cutting-edge neuroscience research or providing clinical assessments, CAPITO is your go-to solution for accurate and insightful analysis of brain function.

Clinical Applications

• Comprehensive Neurological Assessments: Uncover subtle cognitive deficits and sensory processing issues, offering a deeper understanding of your client's condition.
• Monitoring Brain Function: Track the progression of neurological conditions and the impact of therapeutic interventions with precise, data-driven insights.
• Rehabilitation and Therapy: Customize therapeutic protocols to support cognitive training, sensory integration, and language rehabilitation, enhancing recovery and patient outcomes.
• Diagnostic Support: Utilize CAPITO's advanced stimulus presentation capabilities to aid in the diagnosis of various neurological and cognitive disorders, providing clarity and direction for treatment strategies.
• Patient Engagement: With CAPITO's engaging and interactive stimuli, improve patient cooperation and engagement during assessments and therapy sessions, ensuring effective and enjoyable interventions.

Why Choose CAPITO?

CAPITO stands at the forefront of technology, empowering clinicians and researchers with a tool that marries ease of use with scientific rigor. It's not just software; it's a comprehensive solution designed to enhance diagnostic accuracy, enrich therapeutic interventions, and advance our understanding of brain function. Embrace CAPITO and unlock the full potential of your clinical or research endeavors, where precision meets simplicity.

Discover the difference with CAPITO by IFEN—where cutting-edge technology meets clinical and research excellence.

Disclaimer: CAPITO is not a medical device and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any clinical condition or disease. It is designed to support clinicians by providing meaningful information about their clients' brain function, which is particularly interesting for peak performance purposes and monitoring clients' progress. Users should exercise professional judgment and operate within the regulatory guidelines of their professional bodies when using CAPITO in clinical and research settings.

IFEN ERP-Analyzer: Revolutionizing ERP Analysis for Researchers and Clinicians

Product Overview Introducing the IFEN ERP-Analyzer, a cutting-edge tool designed to streamline the analysis of Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) for both researchers and clinicians. With its emphasis on user-friendliness and efficiency, the ERP-Analyzer transforms complex data analysis processes, allowing you to obtain critical neurophysiological insights, such as the P300, with unprecedented simplicity. Compatible with leading EEG systems like the 2-Channel Atlantis, 4-Channel Atlantis, and Discovery 24e by Brainmaster, this software is set to become an essential component of your neuroscientific toolkit.

Key Features

• Ease of Use: Experience the convenience of obtaining a P300 with just three clicks. The ERP-Analyzer is designed to be intuitive, making advanced data analysis accessible to all users, regardless of their technical expertise.

• Comprehensive Analysis Capabilities: Go beyond basic ERP analysis with features that allow for the examination of heart beat evoked potentials and the calculation of reaction times for each stimulus category. These advanced functions provide a deeper understanding of the neurophysiological responses to stimuli.

• Tailored for Researchers and Clinicians: Whether you're conducting complex research projects or need quick insights in a clinical setting, the ERP-Analyzer is equipped with many extra functions to meet a wide range of needs. Its versatility ensures that it's a valuable tool for any professional working in the field of neuroscience.

• Independence from Matlab and EEGLab: Unlike other analysis tools, the ERP-Analyzer does not require Matlab or EEGLab, ensuring a smooth learning curve. This independence allows users to quickly become proficient in utilizing the software for their analysis needs.

• Compatibility: Designed to work seamlessly with the 2-Channel Atlantis, 4-Channel Atlantis, and Discovery 24e EEG systems by Brainmaster, the ERP-Analyzer ensures a hassle-free integration into your existing setup, making it a versatile choice for various research and clinical environments.

Why Choose the IFEN ERP-Analyzer?

The IFEN ERP-Analyzer stands out for its simplicity, power, and versatility. It's the perfect choice for professionals who demand accuracy and efficiency in their ERP analysis without the need for extensive technical training. By eliminating the dependency on additional software like Matlab or EEGLab, the ERP-Analyzer not only reduces setup time but also lowers the barriers to entry for conducting advanced neurophysiological research or clinical assessments.

Whether you're a seasoned researcher aiming to deepen your understanding of brain function or a clinician seeking to enhance diagnostic processes and patient care, the ERP-Analyzer offers the features and compatibility you need to achieve your goals. Elevate your ERP analysis with the IFEN ERP-Analyzer and unlock new possibilities in neuroscience research and clinical practice.

Disclaimer: The IFEN ERP-Analyzer is a research and clinical support tool designed for the analysis of Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any medical condition or disease. Users should exercise professional judgment and operate within the regulatory guidelines of their professional bodies when using the ERP-Analyzer in clinical settings. It is intended to provide valuable insights into neurophysiological processes, aiding professionals in research and clinical assessments.

The N170 is an event-related potential (ERP) component that is commonly associated with the neural processing of faces. This component is observed as a negative deflection in the EEG signal that typically occurs around 170 milliseconds after the presentation of a face stimulus. The N170 has been widely studied in cognitive neuroscience as a marker for face perception, and its characteristics—such as amplitude and latency—can vary depending on various factors, including the observer's attention, the familiarity of the face, and the presence of certain neurological or psychiatric conditions.

In the context of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), research has shown that individuals with ASD may exhibit abnormalities in face processing, which can be reflected in alterations of the N170 component. The N170's latency, for instance, may be delayed in individuals with ASD, suggesting differences in the speed or efficiency of face processing compared to neurotypical individuals. This finding has been debated and scrutinized, as similar delays have also been observed in other psychiatric and neurological disorders, indicating that the N170 alteration is not specific to ASD. The studies by Kang et al. (2018) and Feuerriegel et al. (2015) provide a comprehensive analysis of these phenomena, highlighting the complexity of using N170 as a unique biomarker for ASD.

Value in Neurofeedback and Assessment

Despite the debate over its specificity, the N170 component holds significant value for clinicians in the fields of neurofeedback and diagnostics for several reasons:

1. Biomarker for Early Detection: Even though N170 alterations are not exclusive to ASD, the presence of these abnormalities can serve as an early indicator that warrants further examination. Early detection of ASD is crucial for the implementation of interventions that can significantly improve outcomes for individuals with the disorder.

2. Tailored Neurofeedback Interventions: Neurofeedback training involves the use of real-time EEG feedback to help individuals learn to regulate their own brain activity. Understanding the specific ways in which the N170 component is altered in ASD can guide the development of tailored neurofeedback protocols aimed at normalizing these aspects of neural processing. For instance, if an individual with ASD shows delayed N170 responses to faces, neurofeedback could be used to specifically target and improve the efficiency of face processing.

3. Insight into Individual Differences: The variability in N170 responses among individuals with ASD can provide valuable insights into the heterogeneity of the disorder. This can help clinicians to better understand the specific challenges faced by each individual and to customize diagnostic and intervention strategies accordingly.

4. Integration with Other Diagnostic Tools: The use of the N170 component as part of a broader diagnostic toolkit can enhance the precision of ASD diagnoses. When combined with other neuromarkers, behavioral assessments, and clinical observations, the N170 can contribute to a more holistic understanding of an individual's neurological profile.

5. Objective Measure: The N170 provides an objective, quantifiable measure of neural activity related to face processing. This can complement subjective reports and behavioral observations, providing a more nuanced picture of an individual's cognitive and neural functioning.

In conclusion, while the N170 component's utility as a neuromarker for ASD is complex due to its non-specificity, it remains a valuable tool for clinicians. Its role in detecting abnormalities in face processing can inform both diagnostic assessments and the development of targeted neurofeedback interventions, ultimately contributing to personalized care strategies for individuals with ASD and potentially other neurological or psychiatric conditions.

More about the N170 component:
N170 = face processing ERP component; occipitotemporal negativity occourring between 140-200 ms after stimulus onset (Eimer 2011, Review). Location: P7, P8, Cz. Classical experiments on N170 compare faces vs. objects (i.e. houses, forniture, cars etc. or upright-faces vs. upside-down faces vs. upright objects; scrambled faces vs scrambled objects etc.). Common finding: N170 is larger and earlier for faces compared to (non-face) objects.

N170/ASD - social communication impairment; N170 latency significant delayed in ASD compared to neurotypicals.

N170 as neuromarker of face processing abnormality in ASD (although very debatted because N170 also delayed in other psychiatric and neurological disorders; see Kang_etal_2018 for a meta analysis; Feuerriegel etal 2015 ClinNeurophys).

Recommended measurement window: 110-150 ms; Epoch window = -100 900 ms; Common average; Task: one-back task
Protocol in CAPITO: 30 faces (15 male, 15 female) and 30 cars stimuli (taken from ERP Core, Luck et al. 2021); stimulus duration = 300 ms; ITI = 1200-1400 ms; 2 Blocks of stimuli with pseudorandomized stimuli: in each block cars and faces were repeated 3 times pseudo randomly. In each block, 10 faces and 10 cars were selected and inserted as immediate repetition.

Trigger definition CAPITO: faces = uncommon (180); cars = common (183; instruction, instruction block 2, end).
NB: the immediate repetitions of stimuli have been marked as "name file_laura_bmp" so that these trials will not be counted as real trial. That is, the average will be computed for "non-target" trials (i.e., trials where no immediate stimulus repetition occurred and no manual response in recorded).

Instructions: In this experiment, you will see pictures of different faces and cars. You will observe these images carefully. Sometimes two identical images of the same category (faces or cars) are repeated in an immediate sequence. Please press the button when you see an immediate repetition of the same image. In the next block, please attend to the category "Car" and press the button when two identical images are repeated.